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先把总结写在前面:通常两者皆为同义词,可通用。

如果懒惰看我这长篇答案,就请看上方总结。


简略总结网上查到的资料:

1. 同义词。

Garbage, trash, rubbish, or refuse is waste material that is discarded by humans, usually due to a perceived lack of utility. The term generally does not encompass bodily waste products, purely liquid or gaseous wastes, nor toxic waste products. 

资料来源:Wikipedia: Garbage


2. 多义词

Rubbish:

  • waste material or things that are no longer wanted or needed
  • (informal) something that you think is very low quality or not true

Garbage:

  • waste material or unwanted things that you throw away
  • nonsense or stupid ideas

资料来源:Cambridge: RubbishCambridge: Garbage

Merriam Webster: RubbishMerriam Webster: Garbage


3. American English vs British English

Rubbish: British English (BrE) - British people throw away rubbish.

Garbage, trash: American English (AmE) – Americans throw away garbage and trash.

因为我国曾经是英国的殖民地,因此我国使用的是英式英语(British English)。

资料来源:Confusing words: rubbish, trash, garbage

10 Words Brits Use That Americans No Longer Do

Culture Clash: Trash vs. Rubbish


4. 垃圾分类

Garbage: Decomposable food waste or yard waste that is highly putrescible. 

Rubbish: Dry material such as glass, paper, cloth, or wood that does not readily decompose. 

资料来源:Refuse: waste management


我个人认为两者都差不多。

如果你怕被扣分,就用rubbish,但以(3)这个理由的话,其实美式英语和英式英语都差不多,老师通常不会扣分。(老师也不一定知道差别)

总而言之,你自己看着办呗。:P

扩充资料:Quora: What's the difference between rubbish and garbage?

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用户: (760 分)
Rubbish 和 Garbage 都是垃圾的意思。

Rubbish 是垃圾(英式英语)

Garbage 是垃圾(美式英语)
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用户: (-1,860 分) 37 40 40

Garbage 是垃圾的美式英语说法;rubbish 是英式英语垃圾的意思;trash 也是美式英语垃圾的意思,但是它也可以用来指不值得尊重的人;waste 是一个正式用语,指没有利用价值的东西或是浪费。

上网找就有了

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用户: (4,310 分) 46 51 51
它们都是同义词;rubbish较粗俗。
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